Polygyny is declining — but hasn’t disappeared.

In 1990–91, 4.5% of married women aged 15–49 reported having one or more co-wives.
By 2012–13, this dropped to 3.7%.

Age matters

Women aged 40–44 are most likely to report co-wives — up to 6% in this age group. Younger women report much lower numbers.

Education plays a role.
5% of women with no education reported their husbands had more than one wife.
This halves among women with primary or higher education (around 2.5–2.6%).

Wealth shows a reverse pattern.
Polygyny is more common among poorer households.
Women in the lowest wealth bracket: 6.6%.
Women in higher brackets: significantly lower.

Urban vs Rural
Urban women: 2.1%
Rural women: 3.1%

Regions like erstwhile FATA (5.7%) and rural areas (5.8%) show higher prevalence.